A house is a question, not a place
A bhava (house) is a department of life the chart reports on. Count twelve whole signs from the lagna: the rising sign is house 1, the next sign house 2, and so on around. Every chart asks the same twelve questions; only the answers differ.
Leo rising? Then Leo is your 1st house, Virgo your 2nd, Cancer your 12th.
You, your holdings, your effort
The 1st (tanu, body) is you: physique, appearance, the direction of the whole life — the chart's anchor. The 2nd (dhana, wealth) is what you hold: accumulated money, speech, food, immediate family. The 3rd (sahaja) is your own striving: courage, effort, communication, short journeys, younger siblings.
A question about a stammer is a 2nd-house question — speech lives with wealth.
Roots, fruits, and friction
The 4th (sukha, happiness) is the heart's ground: mother, home, land, vehicles, inner contentment. The 5th (putra, children) is what you create: children, romance, creative intelligence, speculation, purva punya — merit carried from past lives. The 6th (ripu-roga, enemies and disease) is the grind: illness, debts, rivals, daily service.
"Will I own land?" — 4th. "Will I have children?" — 5th. "Why am I always fighting?" — 6th.
The other, the hidden, the light
The 7th (kalatra, spouse) is the other: marriage, partnerships, trade. The 8th (randhra) is what lies beneath: longevity, transformation, inheritance, research, sudden events. The 9th (dharma-bhagya) is grace: fortune, the guru, higher learning, long journeys — and the father in mainstream south-Indian practice, though some lineages read him from the 10th.
A business partnership is a 7th-house matter — same house as marriage, same question: the other.
The world, the crowd, the exit
The 10th (karma, action) is your public life: career, status, authority, deeds visible to the world. The 11th (labha, gains) is inflow: income streams, elder siblings, friends and networks, desires fulfilled. The 12th (vyaya, loss) is outflow: expenditure, sleep, isolation, foreign residence — and moksha, liberation itself.
Salary growth is the 11th; the savings it becomes are the 2nd; the career producing it is the 10th.
Question asked, answer assembled
Each house is a question; three things build its answer. The sign in the house sets the style. The house's lord — the planet ruling that sign — carries the house's agenda wherever it sits. Planets occupying the house act on it directly. Module 4 teaches that machinery; for now, learn the questions cold.
"How is her marriage?" = the 7th's sign, plus its lord's condition, plus whoever stands in it.
The one idea to keep
Twelve houses, twelve questions
Everything a client will ever ask — money, marriage, mother, moksha — lives in one of these twelve rooms. Before you judge anything, you must know which door to knock on. The rest of jyotisha is learning how the chart answers; this lesson is knowing what it was asked.